Article 300 of the NEC (National Electrical Code) covers the general requirements for wiring methods and materials for all wiring installations unless specifically modified by other articles.
Key Points:
300.3: Conductors must be grouped together and routed properly to avoid overheating and ensure proper function (e.g., neutral must run with the phase conductors).
300.4: Protection must be provided where cables or conductors pass through metal studs, masonry, or framing to prevent physical damage.
300.5: Provides minimum cover requirements for underground wiring (e.g., direct-buried cables typically need 24 inches of cover).
300.11: Raceways and cables must be properly supported and secured (e.g., not just resting on ceiling tiles).
300.20: Parallel conductors must be arranged to reduce inductive heating and magnetic effects (important in large installations).
In short, Article 300 ensures electrical wiring is installed safely, reliably, and with protection from physical damage, overheating, and interference.
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Wiring Methods per NEC 300